Coatepec, Las Lomas - Veracruz, Mexico

Regional Context

In Coatepec, coffee production is regarded as a longstanding tradition. Producers in the area describe it as work that requires year-round dedication and has been passed down through generations. Coatepec is a city located in the central mountainous region of Veracruz, Mexico, known as the orchid capital of the country. The city is surrounded by diverse topography, including trails, hills, and waterfalls.

Geographic Access

The city of Coatepec sits approximately one and a half hours from the Veracruz airport. From there, it takes about 15 minutes to reach the community of Las Lomas. Farms in Las Lomas are located near the center of town, providing relatively easy access compared to more remote coffee-growing areas. Despite the proximity between city and farm, the landscape shifts quickly from urban areas to jungle terrain.

Economic Context

Producers located closer to the city often have access to additional work outside of coffee production. Those living farther out rely solely on agriculture, making them more susceptible to external pressures such as fluctuations in inflation, coffee prices, and the cost of fertilizer.

Volcanic Terroir and Climate

Las Lomas is situated at the base of the Cofre del Perote volcano, a location that offers both advantages and limitations. The volcanic soil is fertile and well-suited for a wide range of crops. However, the area is exposed to cold northern air from the Gulf of Mexico, which creates a risk of frost at higher elevations. As a result, coffee is typically only grown up to 2,000 meters above sea level.

Agricultural Diversity and Farm Structure

In addition to coffee, local producers grow corn, lemons, avocados, and various vegetables, both for household consumption and local sale. Farms in this area are small, generally between 2 and 3 hectares. Most harvest work is carried out by family members, and it is uncommon for producers to hire external labor.

Traditional Farming Practices

Shade for the coffee is provided by native tree species such as banana, Chalahuitl, and Encino. The use of organic materials, including chicken manure, is common for fertilization, reflecting the producers' preference for traditional and organic methods.

Processing Model

Unlike regions where producers process and sell their coffee in parchment, Las Lomas follows a different model. The coffee is transported in cherry form by truck to a central collection center in Coatepec, where fermentation and drying take place.

Cultural Heritage

Although Las Lomas once had a strong indigenous cultural presence, many pre-Hispanic traditions have diminished over time. Today, Catholic religious practices are dominant in the area. One example is the annual festival of San Jerónimo, which is celebrated each September.